近年(nian)來隨著電力系統的發展，高壓電纜(lan)(lan)的鋪(pu)設也越來越普及，基(ji)本上(shang)配電站與站相互之間連接(jie)的電纜(lan)(lan)都很長，只(zhi)要電纜(lan)(lan)出現(xian)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，排(pai)查起來就很困難，并且大都是(shi)地埋電纜(lan)(lan)，難以人(ren)為是(shi)判斷，這時就需要電纜(lan)(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)測試儀來替我(wo)們(men)來判斷正確的故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)點，便(bian)于我(wo)們(men)快速恢復供(gong)電，那么我(wo)們(men)就根據現(xian)在較為常見幾(ji)個電纜(lan)(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)來分析問題。

電纜故障測試儀

電纜(lan)故(gu)障常見(jian)(jian)分(fen)為高阻性短(duan)路故(gu)障、相(xiang)間(jian)短(duan)路、低阻系統故(gu)障、閃絡性系統故(gu)障等施工現場常見(jian)(jian)的幾種系統故(gu)障。

1、低壓脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)反(fan)(fan)射(she)法適用(yong)于(yu)(yu)低阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(低于(yu)(yu)10倍波阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang))、接(jie)(jie)地(di)及開路故(gu)障(zhang)，并(bing)可以測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)全長和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁波在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)中的(de)(de)(de)傳播速度，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)低阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)短路時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)處的(de)(de)(de)等效(xiao)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang)應為系(xi)(xi)統故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)特(te)性(xing)(xing)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang)的(de)(de)(de)并(bing)聯。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)越(yue)小(xiao)，反(fan)(fan)射(she)波形(xing)越(yue)明顯。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)為零時為全反(fan)(fan)射(she)，因(yin)為測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)端(duan)等效(xiao)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang)(測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)儀器的(de)(de)(de)輸入阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang))大于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)特(te)性(xing)(xing)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)在測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)端(duan)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)同極性(xing)(xing)反(fan)(fan)射(she)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)。而在低阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)或接(jie)(jie)地(di)短路處，因(yin)為系(xi)(xi)統故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)特(te)性(xing)(xing)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)入射(she)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)進行(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)后產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)反(fan)(fan)極性(xing)(xing)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)，并(bing)傳輸到測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)端(duan)，接(jie)(jie)收的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)極性(xing)(xing)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)的(de)(de)(de)下降沿就對應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)射(she)波形(xing)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)開路故(gu)障(zhang)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)等效(xiao)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang)為系(xi)(xi)統故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)特(te)性(xing)(xing)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)抗(kang)的(de)(de)(de)串聯，開路即相當于(yu)(yu)系(xi)(xi)統故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)為無(wu)窮大，這(zhe)種情況入射(she)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)將(jiang)形(xing)成全反(fan)(fan)射(she)，在測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)端(duan)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)同極性(xing)(xing)反(fan)(fan)射(she)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)，接(jie)(jie)收到同極性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)升沿與故(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)射(she)波形(xing)對應

2、首先使(shi)用(yong)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等級(ji)、一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)能量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)在(zai)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試端施加(jia)給系統(tong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)，讓電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)阻故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)擊(ji)穿燃弧(hu)。同時，在(zai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試端加(jia)入測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)到達電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)阻故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點時，遇到電(dian)弧(hu)，在(zai)電(dian)弧(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)反(fan)射(she)(she)。因(yin)為燃弧(hu)時，高(gao)(gao)阻故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)變成了瞬間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短路故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)將發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻抗特(te)征變化，使(shi)得閃絡(luo)(luo)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)變為低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)短路波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)，使(shi)得波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)判別(bie)特(te)別(bie)簡(jian)(jian)單清(qing)晰(xi)。這就是(shi)(shi)我(wo)們稱之為的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“二(er)次(ci)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)法"。接(jie)收的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)反(fan)射(she)(she)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)相(xiang)當于一(yi)(yi)個線(xian)芯(xin)對地*短路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)。將釋放高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)時與未釋放高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)時所得到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)進行(xing)疊加(jia)，2個波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)會有(you)一(yi)(yi)個發(fa)(fa)散(san)(san)點，這發(fa)(fa)散(san)(san)點就是(shi)(shi)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)射(she)(she)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)點。這種方法把低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)法和(he)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)閃絡(luo)(luo)技(ji)術結(jie)合在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起，使(shi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試工程師更容易判斷出(chu)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置。跟傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試方法相(xiang)比,二(er)次(ci)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進之處，是(shi)(shi)將沖(chong)擊(ji)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)閃絡(luo)(luo)法中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)簡(jian)(jian)化為低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)沖(chong)短路故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)形(xing)(xing)，因(yin)此(ci)判讀(du)極(ji)為簡(jian)(jian)單，可(ke)準確標(biao)定(ding)(ding)(ding)系統(tong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)距離。

以上就是小編給大家介紹的電纜故障測試儀這塊的相關知識哦，武漢龍電電氣專業生產電纜故障測試儀，從事于電力行業多年，旗下產品品質一流，歡迎廣大客戶前來選購。