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龍電電氣

電力技術

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除了電纜,局部放電檢測在哪些領域也重要?

發布(bu)時間:2023-10-25 11:09:12瀏覽(lan)次數(shu):123

龍電電氣
武漢市龍電電氣設備有限公司

電(dian)纜故障測(ce)試儀-高壓開(kai)關(guan)(斷路(lu)器)機械特性(xing)測(ce)試儀-專注于電(dian)力試驗(yan)設備研發! 咨詢電(dian)話:130-3714-0838

局部放(fang)電(dian)檢測除了在(zai)電(dian)纜(lan)領域發(fa)揮(hui)關鍵作用外,在(zai)以(yi)下多(duo)個領域也具(ju)有極其(qi)重要的地(di)位:

局部放電檢測儀

一、電力變壓器領域

◆ 故障早期預警方面

電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)是(shi)電(dian)力(li)系統中(zhong)(zhong)最關鍵的(de)(de)設備之一。在(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)內部,由于(yu)絕(jue)緣油(you)老化、繞組絕(jue)緣損壞(huai)或者有(you)雜質混(hun)入等原(yuan)因,可(ke)能會產生局(ju)部放(fang)電(dian)現象。通過局(ju)部放(fang)電(dian)檢測(ce),可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)故障的(de)(de)早期(qi)階段發(fa)現這(zhe)些潛在(zai)問題。例如,在(zai)大型變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)站的(de)(de)油(you)浸式變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)中(zhong)(zhong),絕(jue)緣紙(zhi)和絕(jue)緣油(you)是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣介(jie)質,當絕(jue)緣紙(zhi)受潮或者絕(jue)緣油(you)中(zhong)(zhong)出現氣(qi)泡時(shi)(shi),就(jiu)可(ke)能引發(fa)局(ju)部放(fang)電(dian)。及時(shi)(shi)檢測(ce)到這(zhe)種(zhong)局(ju)部放(fang)電(dian),能夠為變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)維護和修理爭(zheng)取時(shi)(shi)間,避(bi)免故障進一步(bu)惡化導致變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)損壞(huai)甚至(zhi)爆炸等嚴(yan)重后果。

◆ 絕緣狀態評估方面

局部放(fang)電(dian)檢測能夠為變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)狀態評估提供重(zhong)要依據。變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)性能直(zhi)接(jie)關系到其(qi)安全可(ke)靠運行。通過檢測局部放(fang)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)特征參(can)(can)數(shu),如放(fang)電(dian)量、放(fang)電(dian)次(ci)數(shu)、放(fang)電(dian)起始電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等,可(ke)以有效(xiao)評估變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內部絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)老化程(cheng)度(du)和健康狀況。例(li)如,隨著(zhu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)運行時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)加,其(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)性能會逐漸下降,局部放(fang)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)特征參(can)(can)數(shu)也(ye)會相應地發生變(bian)(bian)(bian)化。根據這些參(can)(can)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化趨勢,可(ke)以合理(li)安排(pai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)檢修計劃(hua),延長變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使用壽命。

◆ 定位故障位置方面

對于大型(xing)電(dian)力(li)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi),準(zhun)確(que)找到局(ju)部(bu)(bu)放(fang)電(dian)的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)是非常困難(nan)但(dan)又(you)至關重要(yao)的(de)。先進的(de)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)放(fang)電(dian)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)技術(shu)可以(yi)幫(bang)助工作人員確(que)定(ding)(ding)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)故障隱患點(dian)的(de)具體位(wei)置(zhi)。例如,采用超聲波定(ding)(ding)位(wei)和電(dian)氣(qi)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)相(xiang)結合的(de)方法,通過分析超聲波信(xin)號和電(dian)氣(qi)信(xin)號的(de)傳播時間(jian)差和方向,可以(yi)在變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)復雜的(de)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)結構中精確(que)地定(ding)(ding)位(wei)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)放(fang)電(dian)點(dian),從而有針對性地進行檢(jian)修(xiu),提高檢(jian)修(xiu)效率。

二、高壓開關設備領域

◆ 保障設備安全運行方面

高壓開(kai)關(guan)設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)如(ru)斷路器(qi)、隔離開(kai)關(guan)等在(zai)電(dian)力系統中(zhong)起著控制和(he)保護的(de)重要作用(yong)。在(zai)這些設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)絕緣部件中(zhong),如(ru)絕緣拉桿、絕緣套(tao)管等,可能(neng)(neng)會因為制造缺陷(xian)、長期(qi)運行(xing)(xing)磨損或(huo)者環境因素導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)局部放電(dian)。局部放電(dian)檢測能(neng)(neng)夠及時發現這些問題(ti),保障高壓開(kai)關(guan)設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)安全(quan)運行(xing)(xing)。例(li)如(ru),在(zai)氣(qi)體絕緣開(kai)關(guan)設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(GIS)中(zhong),內部的(de) SF6 氣(qi)體如(ru)果純度(du)下(xia)降或(huo)者存在(zai)雜質,可能(neng)(neng)會引發局部放電(dian),導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)絕緣性能(neng)(neng)下(xia)降。通過定期(qi)的(de)局部放電(dian)檢測,可以(yi)在(zai)問題(ti)初(chu)期(qi)發現并解決,防止設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)發生閃(shan)絡等故障。

◆ 質量控制方面

在(zai)(zai)高壓(ya)開關設備(bei)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)制造過程中,局部(bu)(bu)放(fang)(fang)電檢(jian)測是重要的(de)(de)質(zhi)量控(kong)制手(shou)段(duan)。通(tong)過對(dui)新生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)設備(bei)進(jin)行局部(bu)(bu)放(fang)(fang)電檢(jian)測,可以篩選出(chu)存在(zai)(zai)絕(jue)(jue)緣缺陷的(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin),確保(bao)只有合格的(de)(de)設備(bei)才能投入市場。例如,對(dui)于高壓(ya)開關設備(bei)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣部(bu)(bu)件(jian),在(zai)(zai)出(chu)廠前進(jin)行嚴格的(de)(de)局部(bu)(bu)放(fang)(fang)電試驗(yan),檢(jian)測其在(zai)(zai)規定(ding)電壓(ya)下是否存在(zai)(zai)局部(bu)(bu)放(fang)(fang)電現象,以及放(fang)(fang)電量是否在(zai)(zai)允許(xu)范圍內,從(cong)而保(bao)證產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)質(zhi)量和(he)可靠性。

三、發電機領域

◆ 定子繞組絕緣監測方面

發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組是(shi)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的核心(xin)部(bu)件之一(yi),其絕(jue)緣性(xing)能(neng)直接影(ying)響發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的正常運(yun)行(xing)。在定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組的絕(jue)緣層(ceng)中,由于制造工藝、運(yun)行(xing)溫(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)或者機械振(zhen)動等因(yin)素(su),可能(neng)會出(chu)現(xian)局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)檢測可以對定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組的絕(jue)緣進(jin)行(xing)實時監測,及時發(fa)(fa)現(xian)絕(jue)緣損壞的情況。例(li)如(ru),在大型水輪發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機中,定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組的絕(jue)緣長期受(shou)到(dao)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、高(gao)濕(shi)度環境的影(ying)響,容易出(chu)現(xian)局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。通過(guo)在發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中進(jin)行(xing)局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)檢測,能(neng)夠(gou)及時發(fa)(fa)現(xian)問題(ti)并采取措施,避(bi)免定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組絕(jue)緣擊穿(chuan),保證發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的穩(wen)定(ding)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

◆ 故障診斷方面

當(dang)發電機(ji)(ji)出現故障(zhang)(zhang)時(shi),局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放電檢測可(ke)以(yi)(yi)為故障(zhang)(zhang)診斷(duan)提供有力的線(xian)索。不同類型的發電機(ji)(ji)故障(zhang)(zhang)可(ke)能會導(dao)致不同特征的局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放電現象。通過(guo)分析(xi)局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放電的信號特征,如(ru)頻(pin)率、相位、幅值等,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)輔(fu)助(zhu)判(pan)斷(duan)發電機(ji)(ji)故障(zhang)(zhang)的類型和位置。例如(ru),當(dang)發電機(ji)(ji)的定子鐵芯(xin)出現短路故障(zhang)(zhang)時(shi),可(ke)能會引起定子繞組附近的局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放電,通過(guo)檢測這種(zhong)局(ju)(ju)部(bu)放電信號,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)幫助(zhu)維修人員(yuan)快速定位故障(zhang)(zhang)原(yuan)因,進行有效的維修。

四、電力電容器領域

◆ 性能評估方面

電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)在電(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中用于無(wu)功補(bu)償等功能(neng)。在電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)內部(bu),絕(jue)(jue)緣介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)對電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)正(zheng)常運行至關重要(yao)。局部(bu)放電(dian)(dian)檢測可(ke)以評估電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)內部(bu)絕(jue)(jue)緣介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)性(xing)能(neng),及時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)絕(jue)(jue)緣老(lao)化、介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)受潮等問題。例如(ru),在自愈式電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)中,當電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)內部(bu)的(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)出現(xian)局部(bu)缺陷時(shi),可(ke)能(neng)會產生(sheng)局部(bu)放電(dian)(dian)。通過檢測局部(bu)放電(dian)(dian)情況,可(ke)以判(pan)斷電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)是(shi)否下降,是(shi)否需要(yao)進行更換或維修。

◆ 延長使用壽命方面

對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器進行局(ju)(ju)部放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)檢測,有助(zhu)于延長(chang)(chang)其使(shi)用壽命(ming)。通過及(ji)時(shi)發現(xian)并處理局(ju)(ju)部放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)問題,可(ke)以避免(mian)局(ju)(ju)部放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器絕緣(yuan)的進一步破(po)壞,從而使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器能(neng)夠在更(geng)長(chang)(chang)的時(shi)間內保持良好的性能(neng)。例如,在一些對無功補(bu)償要求較高(gao)的工業(ye)企業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中,定(ding)期對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器進行局(ju)(ju)部放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)檢測,及(ji)時(shi)修復(fu)或(huo)更(geng)換存在局(ju)(ju)部放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)問題的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器,可(ke)以提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的功率因數,同(tong)時(shi)延長(chang)(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器的使(shi)用壽命(ming),降低(di)設備(bei)更(geng)新成本。

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